Which group of organisms is primarily responsible for nutrient cycling in ecosystems?

Nutrient cycling is a fundamental ecological process that involves the transformation and movement of nutrients through various components of an ecosystem. Decomposers play a critical role in this process as they break down dead organic matter, including plant and animal remains, into simpler compounds.

When decomposers, such as bacteria, fungi, and some insects, break down this organic material, they release essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon back into the soil and atmosphere. These nutrients are then made available to producers, such as plants, which absorb them to create new organic matter through photosynthesis. This continuous cycling of nutrients is vital for maintaining ecosystem health and allowing producers and consumers to function effectively.

Producers may harness sunlight to create energy-rich compounds, while consumers rely on these producers for food, but it is the decomposers that ensure the ongoing availability of nutrients, enabling the entire system to thrive over time. Thus, understanding the vital role of decomposers provides insight into how ecosystems maintain balance and productivity.